This critique article the full sample of which you can find following https://advanced-writer.com/buy-article-critique on physical exercise in dieting obese older adult. The critique shows importance of exercises and of course dieting on health of older people. This critique may be useful for all people who think about their health and for academic students studying Nutrition, Health, Nursing and Medicine.
Abstract
The main purpose of the analyzed article is to study the issue of obesity in older adults and effective ways for its prevention. It is believed that overweight can be the reason for various health issues, including stroke, diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, and breathing problems. Older people can also experience age-related muscle and bone loss and while trying to lose weight. Consequently, sarcopenia and osteopenia can be developed. The authors wonder if there is a special physical therapy targeted specifically on the older generation. They want to discover the most effective types of physical activities which would allow older adults either lose their weight or stay healthy. The sample of the research included 160 participants attracted with the help of advertisement. During the experiment, older people tested several kinds of physical exercises and training programs. The body indexes and health conditions of the participants were measured before and after the exercises. Following the practical part of the study, the statistical analysis and calculations were made to summarize the results. The authors concluded the fact that aerobic and resistance exercises could fight obesity and prevent other health conditions in older adults.
Keywords: obesity, older adults, bone mass, muscle loss, aerobic, resistance exercise, weight loss.
Aerobic or Resistance Exercise, or Both, in Dieting Obese Older Adults
The issue of obesity is common for all age categories. However, depending on the health condition of an individual, the etiology and effects of obesity can vary. While youths are able to overcome such issue more easily, older people find it more difficult to fight health consequences caused by obesity. This can be explained by the fact that their body is deteriorating over the years and due to various diseases. Moreover, obesity might become the reason for many health conditions and complications. A great number of studies have been performed to investigate the efficiency of physical activities for fighting obesity. The research presented in the analyzed article studies the problem of obesity in older adults. The authors examine various types of physical exercises which are aimed to help older generation struggle obesity and prevent other health conditions. Therefore, the main problem of the investigation is the fact that trying to lose their weight, older adults experience the loss of their muscle weight and bone mass, which results in such diseases as sarcopenia and osteopenia. The authors clearly stated and explained the problem, identifying its relation to a certain age group, older adults. It was claimed that the problem has become significant in the modern world, making many obese older adults use different means of losing weight. Hence, abnormal weight loss caused by physical activities can become the reason for other health issues. Obviously, it is important to evaluate exercises which would help this generation lose weight and remain healthy. The authors identified the key terms of their research and clearly outlined the main problem, objectives, and methods of the study.
The main purpose of the study is to assess a certain set of physical exercises for fighting obesity in older adults. Moreover, these exercises should be effective either for losing weight or for avoiding negative health conditions. Having conducted an inquiry, they hypothesized that resistance exercises would help better lose weight and prevent other health issues. In order to examine their hypotheses, the authors identified a set of exercise types, including aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, and their combination, to test the physical abilities of older adults who were fighting obesity. The groups of participants were created depending on the certain type of physical exercises they should have practiced. The authors tested the baseline characteristics of every participant, including his/her physical function, body composition, bone mineral density, and quality of life. The effectiveness of chosen physical activities in relation to those baseline characteristics was evaluated. It was also important to understand which exercises would help older generation fight obesity and enhance physical condition. Therefore, the authors found that such physical activities as aerobic and resistance exercises were highly beneficial.
Review of Literature
During the study, the authors used several sources without providing a detailed review. Despite that, the sources were pertinent to the research issue and created a solid theoretical background of the study. Therefore, while considering the current problem, the authors referenced it to previous research. A literature review provided by the authors is brief since they focused on their study rather than on the findings of earlier years. Nevertheless, many works were cited and compared to the research methods used by the authors of the article. The literature background consists of either past or recent examples. For instance, while the source of Villareal, Banks, Siener, Sinacore, and Klein is dated back to the 2004 year, the study by Porter, McDonald, and Bales was performed in 2014. Probably, the authors aimed to compare and contrast the knowledge and findings of different years, which would give a deeper understanding of the issue. Nevertheless, the cited current articles were relevant to the research problem and supported its methodology. No biases or prejudice were noticed in the study. In fact, the authors approached the issue professionally. The study is based exceptionally on plausible and rational ideas and arguments.
Design and Procedures
The research is relevant to modern healthcare issues. Nowadays, people of all age categories experience the problem of excess weight. Considering the fact that obesity causes other health conditions, older adults need a special approach to lose weight and at the same time remain healthy. Hence, the main aim of the study is to help obese people effectively overcome this issue without any complications. The research had an experimental nature due to the fact that experimental physical activities were tested and evaluated by the authors. The methodology was based on those activities. Besides, the authors divided the control group depending on the baseline characteristics and the types of exercise the participants should have performed. Therefore, the effectiveness of physical activities practiced by each group in relation to their weight loss was examined during the study. After the experiment, the authors analyzed and presented the results.
Whereas many studies have already assessed the effectiveness of physical exercises for overcoming obesity in the older generation, the research conducted by the authors remains original. This can be explained by the fact that they examined certain types of physical activities and their effectiveness for fighting obesity in older adults, considering general health conditions and frailty issue. They compared the results of previous findings with their conclusions to make their arguments more authentic. Hence, the study has a scientific value due to the fact that it is based on credible sources and presents a strong reasoning. The authors also used different measurement tools to evaluate and analyze the issue under investigation. Physical Performance Test was applied to assess the general physical condition of every participant. The authors also used dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. The quality of life was evaluated with the help of the subscales of physical and mental components. The sets of physical exercises were composed so that the participants could perform them during the stage of active research. To make conclusions concerning the effectiveness of this stage, the authors performed statistical analysis using various graphs and figures.
The research performed by the authors is divided into three parts. During the first phase, several groups of participants were formed according to their conditions. Then, they did various types of exercises. Finally, the statistical analysis of the research results was performed to make arguments and conclusions. A pilot study was primarily made to decide how to perform a full-scale research and to prepare the basis for the study. The authors wrote the first draft of the research manuscript and submitted subsequent drafts and final manuscript. The drafts were thoroughly evaluated so that the final manuscript presented credible findings. The authors did not specify the variables of the study. The primary sample of the research consisted of 160 participants. However, only 144 finished the study. The average age of the research group is 65 or older. The authors used advertisements to attract participants to their study. During the medical test performed before the study, it was investigated that frailty was mild-to-moderate. In addition, the participants who had serious health problems were excluded from the study not to expose them to risk.
Data Analysis and Presentation
The authors of the study performed the research and analyzed the received data with the help of statistical analysis. They evaluated the most effective types of exercises for fighting obesity and preventing other health-related issues. The hypotheses presented by the authors before the study were partially supported by the results and contradicted the original arguments. However, it was demonstrated that aerobic and resistance training remained effective as well as resistance training alone. Furthermore, both types of physical activities can assist in losing weight and preventing other health issues. Nevertheless, the main purpose of the study was achieved since the authors evaluated the effectiveness of exercises in older adults trying to overcome obesity. The study has weak points, but they were mentioned and discussed by the authors. It was claimed that the majority of participants were physically able to perform exercises and might not fully represent the general population of obese older adults. In addition, the sample of the research was not adequate since the sex of participants was not considered. Nevertheless, the findings of the study are important since they have a practical value. Older adults can use exercises presented during the research to lose weight and remain healthy.
Conclusions and Implications
The original purpose of the study is supported by conclusions of the research. The authors also discussed the further implications of the study. They suggested that the results of the research could contribute to different behavioral therapies in the gyms to help older people lose weight. Moreover, healthcare providers and people interested in the current issue could relate to the study if they want to study the topic. The authors also made the recommendations to use the results of their study for further research on the effectiveness of exercises for fighting obesity in older adults. Hence, considering the fact that the issue of obesity is common among older adults, the study is relevant since it presents a thorough analysis of the exercises, which can be used by such group of people for losing weight
Undoubtedly, the results of the study are important not only for the development of physical activities in the gyms but also for the enhancement of daily life. They could also be advantageous in different medical facilities where the professionals evaluate a healthy plan of effective loss of weight. Overall, the research is written clearly. The general public can easily understand it. However, it could be improved by expanding the sample. In fact, the participants of different sex, age, and profession could make the research more valid and specific. Nevertheless, the steps of the study were clearly identified and performed. The knowledge gained during the course reveals that nowadays many older adults face different health problems when they are trying to lose weight. Obviously, the study is extremely important since the authors presented exercises which could help deal with the related problems.
